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People In Music History
Ravel, [Joseph] Maurice (1875-1937) French composer. His family moved from the
Pyrenees to Paris before he was 1. Pupil of Faure and others at the Paris
Conservatory. Failed in three attempts for the French Rome Prize, and was
unfairly barred (although he had already had works published and performed)
from a fourth try. Notable for Impressionist technique (more clear-cut,
however, than Debussy's), mastery of orchestration, and innovations in
exploiting the sonorities of the piano. Piano works include 2 concertos (one
for left hand), sonatina, suites Gaspard de la Nuit and Mirrors (including
Alborada del gracioso); also (all later transcribed for orchestra) Pavan for a
Dead Infanta, Valses Nobles et Sentimentales, and The Grave of Couperin. Other
works include Bolero, Spanish Rhapsody, and La Valse for orchestra; Mother
Goose (for piano duet, later orchestrated); operas The Spanish Hour and The
Child and the Spells; ballet Daphnis and Chloe; septet including harp (also
called Introduction and Allegro) and other chamber music; songs, some with
orchestra. Orchestrated Mussorgsky's Pictures at an Exhibition. Visited England
(Hon.D.Mus., Oxford 1928) and the United States; died in Paris. Refused the
Legion of Honour.